3.2 主机探测与端口扫描

一、msf基本命令

1.ping

2.arp_sweep 利用arp请求枚举本地局域网中所有活跃的主机

use auxiliary/scanner/discovery/arp_sweep

3.udp_sweep UDP数据包枚举活跃主机

msf > use auxiliary/scanner/discovery/udp_sweep

二、Nmap进行主机扫描

个人感悟：

1. 不能使用sT扫描参数

2. 略（在我完成nmap综合学习后补全）

TARGET SPECIFICATION:    #目标规格  Can pass hostnames, IP addresses, networks, etc.    #选取主机名，IP，或者网络  Ex: scanme.nmap.org, microsoft.com/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.0-255.1-254  -iL : Input from list of hosts/networks    #导入列表中的目标  -iR : Choose random targets        #（利用列表中的主机编号）导出任意目标      --exclude : Exclude hosts/networks  --excludefile : Exclude list from fileHOST DISCOVERY:        #活跃主机发掘策略  -sL: List Scan - simply list targets to scan    #简单列表扫描策略  -sn: Ping Scan - disable port scan        #仅使用ping命令扫描，不进行端口扫描  -Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery   #仅扫描出在线主机                                                          #不对主机进一#步扫描  -PS/PA/PU/PY[portlist]: TCP SYN/ACK, UDP or SCTP discovery to given ports  #使用SYSN/ACK/UDP/SCTP技术挖掘端口  -PE/PP/PM: ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes  #使用ICMP echo .timestamp,netmask 请求作为探针  -PO[protocol list]: IP Protocol Ping    #使用ip协议ping指令扫描  -n/-R: Never do DNS resolution/Always resolve [default: sometimes] #选择是否使用DNS解析  --dns-servers : Specify custom DNS servers  --system-dns: Use OS's DNS resolver  --traceroute: Trace hop path to each host    #对路由路径进行跟踪SCAN TECHNIQUES:        #扫描策略  -sS/sT/sA/sW/sM: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK/Window/Maimon scans  -sU: UDP Scan  -sN/sF/sX: TCP Null, FIN, and Xmas scans  --scanflags : Customize TCP scan flags  -sI : Idle scan    #使用僵尸主机地址进行扫描  -sY/sZ: SCTP INIT/COOKIE-ECHO scans    、  -sO: IP protocol scan  -b : FTP bounce scanPORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER:    #端口扫描策略  -p : Only scan specified ports    #扫描特定端口    Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080,S:9  --exclude-ports : Exclude the specified ports from scanning  -F: Fast mode - Scan fewer ports than the default scan    #快速扫描  -r: Scan ports consecutively - don't randomize    #连续端口扫描  --top-ports : Scan  most common ports      --port-ratio : Scan ports more common than SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION:  -sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info    #判断版本信息  --version-intensity : Set from 0 (light) to 9 (try all probes)  --version-light: Limit to most likely probes (intensity 2)  --version-all: Try every single probe (intensity 9)  --version-trace: Show detailed version scan activity (for debugging)SCRIPT SCAN:    #脚本扫描策略  -sC: equivalent to --script=default  --script=:  is a comma separated list of           directories, script-files or script-categories  --script-args=: provide arguments to scripts  --script-args-file=filename: provide NSE script args in a file  --script-trace: Show all data sent and received  --script-updatedb: Update the script database.  --script-help=: Show help about scripts.            is a comma-separated list of script-files or           script-categories.OS DETECTION:        #对系统进行判断  -O: Enable OS detection  --osscan-limit: Limit OS detection to promising targets  --osscan-guess: Guess OS more aggressivelyTIMING AND PERFORMANCE:    对扫描间歇时间进行设定  Options which take  are in seconds, or append 'ms' (milliseconds),  's' (seconds), 'm' (minutes), or 'h' (hours) to the value (e.g. 30m).  -T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)  --min-hostgroup/max-hostgroup : Parallel host scan group sizes  --min-parallelism/max-parallelism : Probe parallelization  --min-rtt-timeout/max-rtt-timeout/initial-rtt-timeout : Specifies      probe round trip time.  --max-retries : Caps number of port scan probe retransmissions.  --host-timeout : Give up on target after this long  --scan-delay/--max-scan-delay : Adjust delay between probes  --min-rate : Send packets no slower than  per second  --max-rate : Send packets no faster than  per secondFIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING:  -f; --mtu : fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)  -D : Cloak a scan with decoys    #使用欺骗地址  -S : Spoof source address  -e : Use specified interface    #使用特定接口  -g/--source-port : Use given port number    #使用特定端口进行扫描  --proxies : Relay connections through HTTP/SOCKS4 proxies  --data : Append a custom payload to sent packets  --data-string : Append a custom ASCII string to sent packets  --data-length : Append random data to sent packets  --ip-options : Send packets with specified ip options  --ttl : Set IP time-to-live field  --spoof-mac : Spoof your MAC address  --badsum: Send packets with a bogus TCP/UDP/SCTP checksumOUTPUT: #对扫描结果进行输出  -oN/-oX/-oS/-oG : Output scan in normal, XML, s|: Output in the three major formats at once  -v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)  -d: Increase debugging level (use -dd or more for greater effect)  --reason: Display the reason a port is in a particular state  --open: Only show open (or possibly open) ports    #仅显示开放或可能开放端口  --packet-trace: Show all packets sent and received    #显示所有发送和接受到的包数据  --iflist: Print host interfaces and routes (for debugging)  --append-output: Append to rather than clobber specified output files  --resume : Resume an aborted scan  --stylesheet : XSL stylesheet to transform XML output to HTML  --webxml: Reference stylesheet from Nmap.Org for more portable XML  --no-stylesheet: Prevent associating of XSL stylesheet w/XML outputMISC:  -6: Enable IPv6 scanning #使用ipv6扫描策略扫描  -A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute  #确定系统版本，服务版本等信息  --datadir : Specify custom Nmap data file location  --send-eth/--send-ip: Send using raw ethernet frames or IP packets  --privileged: Assume that the user is fully privileged  --unprivileged: Assume the user lacks raw socket privileges  -V: Print version number  -h: Print this help summary page.EXAMPLES:  nmap -v -A scanme.nmap.org  nmap -v -sn 192.168.0.0/16 10.0.0.0/8  nmap -v -iR 10000 -Pn -p 80SEE THE MAN PAGE (https://nmap.org/book/man.html) FOR MORE OPTIONS AND EXAMPLES