Web 日志mapreduce 预处理清洗

WEB访问日志

即指用户访问网站时的所有访问、浏览、点击行为数据。比如点击了哪一个链接，在哪个网页停留时间最多，采用了哪个搜索项、总体浏览时间等。而所有这些信息都可被保存在网站日志中。通过分析这些数据，可以获知许多对网站运营至关重要的信息。采集的数据越全面，分析就能越精准。

• 日志的生成渠道：
  1.是网站的web服务器所记录的web访问日志
  2.是通过在页面嵌入自定义的js代码来获取用户的所有访问行为（比如鼠标悬停的位置，点击的页面组件等），然后通过ajax请求到后台记录日志；这种方式所能采集的信息最全面；
  3.通过在页面上埋点1像素的图片，将相关页面访问信息请求到后台记录日志；

• 日志数据内容详述：
  在实际操作中，有以下几个方面的数据可以被采集：
  1.访客的系统属性特征。比如所采用的操作系统、浏览器、域名和访问速度等。
  2.访问特征。包括停留时间、点击的URL等。
  3.来源特征。包括网络内容信息类型、内容分类和来访URL等。

• 以网站点击日志为例，其点击日志格式如下：

  194.237.142.21 - - [18/Sep/2013:06:49:18 +0000] "GET /wp-content/uploads/2013/07/rstudio-git3.png HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible;)"183.49.46.228 - - [18/Sep/2013:06:49:23 +0000] "-" 400 0 "-" "-"163.177.71.12 - - [18/Sep/2013:06:49:33 +0000] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 20 "-" "DNSPod-Monitor/1.0"

• 用于生成点击流的访问日志表

至此开始正文，数据预处理

• 主要目的：

• 1. 过滤"不合规"数据
• 2.格式转换和规整

• 3.根据后续的统计需求，过滤分离出各种不同主题(不同栏目path)的基础数据

• 实现方式：

• 开发一个mr程序WeblogPreProcess

• 第一个 WebLogBean.java 程序，定义 日志格式

/** * 对接外部数据的层，表结构定义最好跟外部数据源保持一致 * 术语：贴源表 * @author  * */public class WebLogBean implements Writable {    private boolean valid = true;       // 判断数据是否合法    private String remote_addr;         // 记录客户端的ip地址    private String remote_user;         // 记录客户端用户名称,忽略属性"-"    private String time_local;              // 记录访问时间与时区    private String request;                 // 记录请求的url与http协议    private String status;                      // 记录请求状态；成功是200    private String body_bytes_sent; // 记录发送给客户端文件主体内容大小    private String http_referer;            // 用来记录从那个页面链接访问过来的    private String http_user_agent; // 记录客户浏览器的相关信息    public void set(boolean valid,String remote_addr, String remote_user, String time_local, String request, String status, String body_bytes_sent, String http_referer, String http_user_agent) {        this.valid = valid;        this.remote_addr = remote_addr;        this.remote_user = remote_user;        this.time_local = time_local;        this.request = request;        this.status = status;        this.body_bytes_sent = body_bytes_sent;        this.http_referer = http_referer;        this.http_user_agent = http_user_agent;    }    public String getRemote_addr() {        return remote_addr;    }    public void setRemote_addr(String remote_addr) {        this.remote_addr = remote_addr;    }    public String getRemote_user() {        return remote_user;    }    public void setRemote_user(String remote_user) {        this.remote_user = remote_user;    }    public String getTime_local() {        return this.time_local;    }    public void setTime_local(String time_local) {        this.time_local = time_local;    }    public String getRequest() {        return request;    }    public void setRequest(String request) {        this.request = request;    }    public String getStatus() {        return status;    }    public void setStatus(String status) {        this.status = status;    }    public String getBody_bytes_sent() {        return body_bytes_sent;    }    public void setBody_bytes_sent(String body_bytes_sent) {        this.body_bytes_sent = body_bytes_sent;    }    public String getHttp_referer() {        return http_referer;    }    public void setHttp_referer(String http_referer) {        this.http_referer = http_referer;    }    public String getHttp_user_agent() {        return http_user_agent;    }    public void setHttp_user_agent(String http_user_agent) {        this.http_user_agent = http_user_agent;    }    public boolean isValid() {        return valid;    }    public void setValid(boolean valid) {        this.valid = valid;    }    @Override    public String toString() {        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();        sb.append(this.valid);        sb.append("\001").append(this.getRemote_addr());        sb.append("\001").append(this.getRemote_user());        sb.append("\001").append(this.getTime_local());        sb.append("\001").append(this.getRequest());        sb.append("\001").append(this.getStatus());        sb.append("\001").append(this.getBody_bytes_sent());        sb.append("\001").append(this.getHttp_referer());        sb.append("\001").append(this.getHttp_user_agent());        return sb.toString();    }    @Override    public void readFields(DataInput in) throws IOException {        this.valid = in.readBoolean();        this.remote_addr = in.readUTF();        this.remote_user = in.readUTF();        this.time_local = in.readUTF();        this.request = in.readUTF();        this.status = in.readUTF();        this.body_bytes_sent = in.readUTF();        this.http_referer = in.readUTF();        this.http_user_agent = in.readUTF();    }    @Override    public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException {        out.writeBoolean(this.valid);        out.writeUTF(null==remote_addr?"":remote_addr);        out.writeUTF(null==remote_user?"":remote_user);        out.writeUTF(null==time_local?"":time_local);        out.writeUTF(null==request?"":request);        out.writeUTF(null==status?"":status);        out.writeUTF(null==body_bytes_sent?"":body_bytes_sent);        out.writeUTF(null==http_referer?"":http_referer);        out.writeUTF(null==http_user_agent?"":http_user_agent);    }}

• 第二个 WebLogParser.java程序，筛选 和 转换 日期格式

public class WebLogParser {    static SimpleDateFormat df1 = new SimpleDateFormat("dd/MMM/yyyy:HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);    static SimpleDateFormat df2 = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss", Locale.US);    public static WebLogBean parser(String line){        WebLogBean WebLogBean = new WebLogBean();        String[] arr = line.split(" ");        if (arr.length > 11){            WebLogBean.setRemote_addr(arr[0]);            WebLogBean.setRemote_user(arr[1]);            String time_local = formatDate(arr[3].substring(1));            if(null==time_local) time_local="-invalid_time-";            WebLogBean.setTime_local(time_local);            WebLogBean.setRequest(arr[6]);            WebLogBean.setStatus(arr[8]);            WebLogBean.setBody_bytes_sent(arr[9]);            WebLogBean.setHttp_referer(arr[10]);            //如果useragent元素较多，拼接useragent            if (arr.length > 12){                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();                for (int i=11; i= 400){                WebLogBean.setValid(false);            }            if("-invalid_time-".equals(WebLogBean.getTime_local())){                WebLogBean.setValid(false);            }        } else {            WebLogBean.setValid(false);        }        return WebLogBean;    }    public static void filtStaticResource(WebLogBean bean,Set pages) {        if (!pages.contains(bean.getRequest())) {            bean.setValid(false);        }     }    //更换日期的显示格式    public static String formatDate(String time_local){        try {            return df2.format(df1.parse(time_local));        } catch (ParseException e) {            return null;        }    }}

最后一个 WeblogPreProcess.java 主程序

/** * 处理原始日志，过滤出真实pv请求 * 转换时间格式 * 对缺失字段填充默认值 * 对记录标记valid和invalid *  * @author  * */public class WeblogPreProcess {    static class WeblogPreProcessMapper extends Mapper{        //用来存储网站url分类数据        Setpages=new HashSet();        Text k =new Text();        NullWritable v = NullWritable.get();        /**         * 从外部加载网站url分类数据         */        @Override        protected void setup(Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {            pages.add("/about");            pages.add("/black-ip-list/");            pages.add("/cassandra-clustor/");            pages.add("/finance-rhive-repurchase/");            pages.add("/hadoop-family-roadmap/");            pages.add("/hadoop-hive-intro/");            pages.add("/hadoop-zookeeper-intro/");            pages.add("/hadoop-mahout-roadmap/");        }        @Override        protected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context) throws IOException, InterruptedException {            String line = value.toString();            WebLogBean WebLogBean = WebLogParser.parser(line);            //过滤 js/图片/css 等静态资源            WebLogParser.filtStaticResource(WebLogBean, pages);            /**             if (!WebLogBean.isValid())                  return;             */            k.set(WebLogBean.toString());            context.write(k, v);        }    }    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        Configuration conf = new Configuration();        Job job = Job.getInstance();        job.setJarByClass(WeblogPreProcess.class);        job.setMapperClass(WeblogPreProcessMapper.class);        job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);        job.setOutputValueClass(NullWritable.class);        //FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path(args[0]));        //FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path(args[1]));        FileInputFormat.setInputPaths(job, new Path("E:/srcdata/webLog/input"));        FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, new Path("E:/srcdata/webLog/output"));        boolean res = job.waitForCompletion(true);        System.exit(res?0:1);    }}

• 最后预清洗完的日志格式如下：

  true1.80.249.223-2013-09-18 07:57:33/hadoop-hive-intro/20014764"http://www.google.com.hk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=hive%E7%9A%84%E5%AE%89%E8%A3%85&source=web&cd=2&ved=0CC4QFjAB&url=%68%74%74%70%3a%2f%2f%62%6c%6f%67%2e%66%65%6e%73%2e%6d%65%2f%68%61%64%6f%6f%70%2d%68%69%76%65%2d%69%6e%74%72%6f%2f&ei=5lw5Uo-2NpGZiQfCwoG4BA&usg=AFQjCNF8EFxPuCMrm7CvqVgzcBUzrJZStQ&bvm=bv.52164340,d.aGc&cad=rjt""Mozilla/5.0(WindowsNT5.2;rv:23.0)Gecko/20100101Firefox/23.0"true101.226.167.201-2013-09-18 09:30:36/hadoop-mahout-roadmap/20010335"http://blog.fens.me/hadoop-mahout-roadmap/""Mozilla/4.0(compatible;MSIE8.0;WindowsNT6.1;Trident/4.0;SLCC2;.NETCLR2.0.50727;.NETCLR3.5.30729;.NETCLR3.0.30729;MediaCenterPC6.0;MDDR;.NET4.0C;.NET4.0E;.NETCLR1.1.4322;TabletPC2.0);360Spider"true101.226.167.205-2013-09-18 09:30:32/hadoop-family-roadmap/20011715"http://blog.fens.me/hadoop-family-roadmap/""Mozilla/4.0(compatible;MSIE8.0;WindowsNT6.1;Trident/4.0;SLCC2;.NETCLR2.0.50727;.NETCLR3.5.30729;.NETCLR3.0.30729;MediaCenterPC6.0;MDDR;.NET4.0C;.NET4.0E;.NETCLR1.1.4322;TabletPC2.0);360Spider"true101.226.169.215-2013-09-18 10:07:31/about3015"http://blog.fens.me/about""Mozilla/4.0(compatible;MSIE8.0;WindowsNT6.1;Trident/4.0;SLCC2;.NETCLR2.0.50727;.NETCLR3.5.30729;.NETCLR3.0.30729;MediaCenterPC6.0;MDDR;.NET4.0C;.NET4.0E;.NETCLR1.1.4322;TabletPC2.0);360Spider"

  文章到这里就完成了，谢谢观看。