docker中Dockerfile如何自定义mycentos

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Base镜像（scratch）

Docker Hub中99%的镜像是通过在base镜像中安装和配置需要的软件构建出来的。也就是说base镜像是所有其他镜像的鼻祖。

hub默认centos镜像是什么情况

[root@t-docker chenzx]# docker run -it centos[root@ef7873879474 /]# vim a.txt  ##默认ceonts不支持vim命令bash: vim: command not found[root@ef7873879474 /]# ifconfig   ##默认centos不支持ifconfig命令bash: ifconfig: command not found

自定义镜像mycentos

1、编写Dokcerfile文件

[root@t-docker mycentos]# cat Dockerfile FROM centosMAINTAINER chenzx chenzx@11.comENV MYPATH /usr/localWORKDIR $MYPATHRUN yum -y install vimRUN yum -y install net-toolsEXPOSE 80CMD echo $MYPATHCMD echo "success-----ok"CMD /bin/bash

2、构建

语法：docker build -t 新镜像名字：TAG .

[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker build -f ./Dockerfile -t mycentos:1.3 .Sending build context to Docker daemon  2.048kBStep 1/10 : FROM centos ---> 5182e96772bfStep 2/10 : MAINTAINER chenzx chenzx@11.com ---> Running in bf692c9a8f30Removing intermediate container bf692c9a8f30 ---> be7c6d72dcf6Step 3/10 : ENV MYPATH /usr/local ---> Running in bfbe973063c4Removing intermediate container bfbe973063c4 ---> b6117be61d21Step 4/10 : WORKDIR $MYPATH ---> Running in dc207977e37eRemoving intermediate container dc207977e37e ---> a299de1b142dStep 5/10 : RUN yum -y install vim ---> Running in 7b18a2ea02baLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovlDetermining fastest mirrors * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cnResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package vim-enhanced.x86_64 2:7.4.160-4.el7 will be installed--> Processing Dependency: vim-common = 2:7.4.160-4.el7 for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: which for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_5.16.3) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: libperl.so()(64bit) for package: 2:vim-enhanced-7.4.160-4.el7.x86_64 ---> 41b54eafc062Step 6/10 : RUN yum -y install net-tools ---> Running in 4fe95a3f928dLoaded plugins: fastestmirror, ovlLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirror.bit.edu.cn * extras: mirror.bit.edu.cn * updates: mirror.bit.edu.cnResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction checkStep 7/10 : EXPOSE 80 ---> Running in b49331f041a0Removing intermediate container b49331f041a0 ---> 255ce503616bStep 8/10 : CMD echo $MYPATH ---> Running in 0c8a45aa210fRemoving intermediate container 0c8a45aa210f ---> b70d750b50c6Step 9/10 : CMD echo "success-----ok" ---> Running in 0f82aaeab3afRemoving intermediate container 0f82aaeab3af ---> 41680031171eStep 10/10 : CMD /bin/bash ---> Running in 5694bd9a1dabRemoving intermediate container 5694bd9a1dab ---> 0c868c56748bSuccessfully built 0c868c56748bSuccessfully tagged mycentos:1.3[root@t-docker mycentos]#

[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker imagesREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEmycentos            1.3                 0c868c56748b        5 minutes ago       442MB

3、运行

[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker run -it mycentos:1.3[root@28ab180a72d7 local]# pwd  ##落脚点是/usr/local/usr/local[root@28ab180a72d7 local]# vim a.txt ##vim命令也有了[root@28ab180a72d7 local]# ifconfig ##ifconfig命令有了eth0: flags=4163  mtu 1500        inet 172.17.0.2  netmask 255.255.0.0  broadcast 172.17.255.255        ether 02:42:ac:11:00:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0lo: flags=73  mtu 65536        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0[root@28ab180a72d7 local]#

4、列出镜像的变更历史

功能：从底下往上看，可以看出制作mycentos镜像的历史过程。

[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker images mycentosREPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZEmycentos            1.3                 0c868c56748b        12 minutes ago      442MB[root@t-docker mycentos]# docker history 0c868c56748bIMAGE               CREATED             CREATED BY                                      SIZE                COMMENT0c868c56748b        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "/bin…   0B                  41680031171e        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  b70d750b50c6        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/sh" "-c" "echo…   0B                  255ce503616b        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  EXPOSE 80                    0B                  1cb7e8747969        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c yum -y install net-tools             93.7MB              41b54eafc062        12 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c yum -y install vim                   149MB               a299de1b142d        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop) WORKDIR /usr/local            0B                  b6117be61d21        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  ENV MYPATH=/usr/local        0B                  be7c6d72dcf6        13 minutes ago      /bin/sh -c #(nop)  MAINTAINER chenzx chenzx@…   0B                  5182e96772bf        3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  CMD ["/bin/bash"]            0B                             3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop)  LABEL org.label-schema.sc…   0B                             3 weeks ago         /bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:6340c690b08865d7e…   200MB

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