MongoDB中的权限管理

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mongodb配置文件如下：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/local/mongodb/mongod.cnf bind_ip = 0.0.0.0logpath=/data/mongodb/logs/mongodb.loglogappend = truefork = true#auth = trueport = 6068dbpath=/data/mongodb/datapidfilepath=/data/mongodb/mongod.pid

root超级管理员权限：
关闭mongod.cnf配置文件参数：auth
直接登录mongo，设置登录密码：

mongo --host 127.0.0.1 --port 6068use admindb.createUser({user: 'root', pwd:'TdLLQd689', roles:[{role: 'root', db: 'admin'}]});db.auth("root","TdLLQSdH689")

关闭mongod
开启mongod.cnf配置文件参数：auth =true

mongo --host 127.0.0.1 --port 6068use admindb.auth("root","TdLLQH689")

创建测试库dbtest001，以及测试用户testuser 对dbtest001库有读写的权限

use dbtest001db.createUser({user:"testuser",pwd:"testuser123",roles:[{role:"readWrite",db:"dbtest001"}]})创建测试用户testuser 对dbtest001库有读的权限：db.createUser({user:"testuser01",pwd:"testuser123",roles:[{role:"read",db:"dbtest001"}]})

给测试库插入一个集合chenji（所谓的表chenji）：

db.chenji.insert({"name":"小花","年级":"二年级","性别":"男","爱好":"学习"})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.chenji.insert({"name":"花花","年级":"一年级","性别":"女","爱好":"唱歌"})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.chenji.insert({"name":"小花","年级":"三年级","性别":"女","爱好":"打球"})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })> db.chenji.insert({"name":"小花","年级":"四年级","性别":"女","爱好":"画画"})WriteResult({ "nInserted" : 1 })

查看当前库下的用户：

db.getUsers() 或者show users> show users{    "_id" : "dbtest001.testuser",    "userId" : UUID("f275fad5-ac4f-4dfa-aea6-af34ed93c3e1"),    "user" : "testuser",    "db" : "dbtest001",    "roles" : [        {            "role" : "readWrite",            "db" : "dbtest001"        }    ]}

查看当前库下某个用户的权限：

db.getUser("testuser")db.getUser("testuser01")

创建角色: db.createRole()
更新角色： db.updateRole()
删除角色： db.dropRole()

获得某个角色信息: db.getRole()

> db.getRole("read"){    "role" : "read",    "db" : "dbtest001",    "isBuiltin" : true,    "roles" : [ ],    "inheritedRoles" : [ ]}> db.getRole("readWrite"){    "role" : "readWrite",    "db" : "dbtest001",    "isBuiltin" : true,    "roles" : [ ],    "inheritedRoles" : [ ]}

删除所有用户: db.dropAllUsers()

删除用户：db.dropUsers("xxxxxx")

db.dropUser("testuser01")
true

将一个角色赋予读写给用户： db.grantRolesToUser()

use dbtest001db.grantRolesToUser('testuser01',[ { role : 'readWrite', db : 'dbtest001' } ] )

撤销某个用户的某个角色权限： db.revokeRolesFromUser()

> db.getUser("testuser01"){    "_id" : "dbtest001.testuser01",    "userId" : UUID("d1fefe19-a94f-4300-8855-fd722f14e13f"),    "user" : "testuser01",    "db" : "dbtest001",    "roles" : [        {            "role" : "readWrite",            "db" : "dbtest001"        }    ]}

撤回读role读写权限:

> db.revokeRolesFromUser('testuser01',[ { role : 'readWrite', db : 'dbtest001' }])> db.getUser("testuser01"){    "_id" : "dbtest001.testuser01",    "userId" : UUID("d1fefe19-a94f-4300-8855-fd722f14e13f"),    "user" : "testuser01",    "db" : "dbtest001",    "roles" : [ ]}

更改密码： db.changeUserPassword()

db.createUser({user:"testuser01",pwd:"testuser123",roles:[{role:"read",db:"dbtest001"}]})

修改密码：

> db.changeUserPassword("testuser01","123456")

测试：使用原密码登录报错如下：

[root@localhost ~]# mongo 127.0.0.1:6068/dbtest001 -u testuser01 -p 'testuser123'MongoDB shell version v3.6.16connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:6068/dbtest001?gssapiServiceName=mongodb2020-01-01T21:51:35.637+0800 E QUERY    [thread1] Error: Authentication failed. :connect@src/mongo/shell/mongo.js:263:13@(connect):1:6exception: connect failed

使用新的密码登录成功

[root@localhost ~]# mongo 127.0.0.1:6068/dbtest001 -u testuser01 -p '123456'MongoDB shell version v3.6.16connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:6068/dbtest001?gssapiServiceName=mongodbImplicit session: session { "id" : UUID("966023f0-ff7b-4726-a216-8475bc729971") }MongoDB server version: 3.6.16> show collections;chenji> db.chenji.find();{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c80a8efc383349153386a"), "name" : "小花", "年级" : "二年级", "性别" : "男", "爱好" : "学习" }{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c80c3efc383349153386b"), "name" : "花花", "年级" : "一年级", "性别" : "女", "爱好" : "唱歌" }{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c83c8efc383349153386c"), "name" : "小花", "年级" : "三年级", "性别" : "女", "爱好" : "打球" }{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c83e9efc383349153386d"), "name" : "小花", "年级" : "四年级", "性别" : "女", "爱好" : "画画" }

查看当前库下的表：

show collections
chenji

查看集合中所有的内容:

> db.chenji.find();{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c80a8efc383349153386a"), "name" : "小花", "年级" : "二年级", "性别" : "男", "爱好" : "学习" }{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c80c3efc383349153386b"), "name" : "花花", "年级" : "一年级", "性别" : "女", "爱好" : "唱歌" }

查看名字叫小花的记录：

> db.chenji.find({"name":"小花"}){ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c80a8efc383349153386a"), "name" : "小花", "年级" : "二年级", "性别" : "男", "爱好" : "学习" }{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c83c8efc383349153386c"), "name" : "小花", "年级" : "三年级", "性别" : "女", "爱好" : "打球" }{ "_id" : ObjectId("5e0c83e9efc383349153386d"), "name" : "小花", "年级" : "四年级", "性别" : "女", "爱好" : "画画" }

到此为止, 关于MongoDB中的权限管理有了一个基础的认识, 但是对于具体的使用方法还是需要多加巩固和练习，如果想了解更多相关内容，请关注行业资讯。