K8s之YAML文件

Kubernetes支持YAML和JSON格式创建资源对象

1，JSON格式用于接口之间消息的传递
2，YAML格式用于配置和管理
3，YAML是一种简洁的非标记性语言

语法格式：

缩进标识层级关系
不支持制表符（tab）缩进，使用空格缩进
通常开头缩进两个空格
字符后缩进一个空格，如冒号，逗号等
"---"表示YAML格式，一个文件的开始
"#"表示注释

`查看应用名称`[root@master1 ~]# kubectl api-versionsadmissionregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1apiextensions.k8s.io/v1beta1apiregistration.k8s.io/v1apiregistration.k8s.io/v1beta1apps/v1apps/v1beta1apps/v1beta2authentication.k8s.io/v1authentication.k8s.io/v1beta1authorization.k8s.io/v1authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1autoscaling/v1autoscaling/v2beta1autoscaling/v2beta2batch/v1batch/v1beta1certificates.k8s.io/v1beta1coordination.k8s.io/v1beta1events.k8s.io/v1beta1extensions/v1beta1networking.k8s.io/v1policy/v1beta1rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1scheduling.k8s.io/v1beta1storage.k8s.io/v1storage.k8s.io/v1beta1v1[root@master1 ~]# mkdir demo[root@master1 ~]# cd demo/[root@master1 demo]# vim nginx-deployment.yamlapiVersion: apps/v1kind: Deploymentmetadata:  name: my-nginx  labels:    app: nginxspec:  replicas: 2  selector:    matchLabels:      app: nginx  template:    metadata:      labels:        app: nginx    spec:      containers:      - name: nginx        image: nginx:1.15.4        ports:        - containerPort: 80#插入内容后按Esc退出插入模式，输入:wq保存退出[root@master1 demo]# kubectl create -f my-nginx.yamldeployment.apps/my-nginx created[root@master1 demo]# kubectl get podsNAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE`my-nginx-d55b94fd-kc2gl             1/1     Running   0          47s``my-nginx-d55b94fd-tkr42             1/1     Running   0          47s`nginx-6c94d899fd-8pf48              1/1     Running   0          23hnginx-deployment-5477945587-f5dsm   1/1     Running   0          22hnginx-deployment-5477945587-hmgd2   1/1     Running   0          22hnginx-deployment-5477945587-pl2hn   1/1     Running   0          22h[root@master1 demo]# vim my-nginx-service.yamlapiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata:  name: my-nginx-service  labels:    app: nginxspec:  type: NodePort  ports:  - port: 80    targetPort: 80  selector:    app: nginx#插入内容后按Esc退出插入模式，输入:wq保存退出[root@master1 demo]# kubectl create -f my-nginx-service.yamlservice/my-nginx-service created`查看服务`[root@master1 demo]# kubectl get svcNAME               TYPE        CLUSTER-IP   EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGEkubernetes         ClusterIP   10.0.0.1             443/TCP        8d`my-nginx-service   NodePort    10.0.0.210           80:40377/TCP   20s`nginx-service      NodePort    10.0.0.242           80:40422/TCP   33h

1.自动测试命令的正确性，并不执行创建：

[root@master1 demo]# kubectl run my-nginx --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-runkubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.deployment.apps/my-nginx created (dry run)

2.查看生成yaml格式：

[root@master1 demo]# kubectl run my-nginx --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-run -o yamlkubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.apiVersion: apps/v1beta1kind: Deploymentmetadata:  creationTimestamp: null  labels:    run: my-nginx  name: my-nginxspec:  replicas: 2  selector:    matchLabels:      run: my-nginx  strategy: {}  template:    metadata:      creationTimestamp: null      labels:        run: my-nginx    spec:      containers:      - image: nginx        name: my-nginx        ports:        - containerPort: 80        resources: {}status: {}

3.生成yaml模板文件：

[root@master1 demo]# kubectl run my-nginx --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-run -o yaml > nginx-deploy.yamlkubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.

4.导出json格式文件：

[root@master1 demo]# kubectl run my-nginx --image=nginx --port=80 --replicas=2 --dry-run -o jsonkubectl run --generator=deployment/apps.v1beta1 is DEPRECATED and will be removed in a future version. Use kubectl create instead.{    "kind": "Deployment",    "apiVersion": "apps/v1beta1",    "metadata": {        "name": "my-nginx",        "creationTimestamp": null,        "labels": {            "run": "my-nginx"        }    },    "spec": {        "replicas": 2,        "selector": {            "matchLabels": {                "run": "my-nginx"            }        },        "template": {            "metadata": {                "creationTimestamp": null,                "labels": {                    "run": "my-nginx"                }            },            "spec": {                "containers": [                    {                        "name": "my-nginx",                        "image": "nginx",                        "ports": [                            {                                "containerPort": 80                            }                        ],                        "resources": {}                    }                ]            }        },        "strategy": {}    },    "status": {}}

5.将现有的资源生成模板导出：

[root@master1 demo]# kubectl get deploy/nginx --export -o yamlapiVersion: extensions/v1beta1kind: Deploymentmetadata:  annotations:    deployment.kubernetes.io/revision: "2"  creationTimestamp: null  generation: 1  labels:    run: nginx  name: nginx  selfLink: /apis/extensions/v1beta1/namespaces/default/deployments/nginxspec:  progressDeadlineSeconds: 600  replicas: 1  revisionHistoryLimit: 2  selector:    matchLabels:      run: nginx  strategy:    rollingUpdate:      maxSurge: 25%      maxUnavailable: 25%    type: RollingUpdate  template:    metadata:      creationTimestamp: null      labels:        run: nginx    spec:      containers:      - image: nginx:1.14        imagePullPolicy: Always        name: nginx        resources: {}        terminationMessagePath: /dev/termination-log        terminationMessagePolicy: File      dnsPolicy: ClusterFirst      restartPolicy: Always      schedulerName: default-scheduler      securityContext: {}      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30status: {}

6.保存到文件中：

[root@master1 demo]# kubectl get deploy/nginx --export -o yaml > my-deploy.yaml

7.查看字段帮助信息：

[root@master1 demo]# kubectl explain pods.spec.containersKIND:     PodVERSION:  v1RESOURCE: containers <[]Object>DESCRIPTION:     List of containers belonging to the pod. Containers cannot currently be     added or removed. There must be at least one container in a Pod. Cannot be     updated.     A single application container that you want to run within a pod.FIELDS:   args <[]string>     Arguments to the entrypoint. The docker image's CMD is used if this is not     provided. Variable references $(VAR_NAME) are expanded using the     container's environment. If a variable cannot be resolved, the reference in     the input string will be unchanged. The $(VAR_NAME) syntax can be escaped     with a double $$, ie: $$(VAR_NAME). Escaped references will never be     expanded, regardless of whether the variable exists or not. Cannot be     updated. More info:     https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-command-argument-container/#running-a-command-in-a-shell   command      <[]string>     Entrypoint array. Not executed within a shell. The docker image's     ENTRYPOINT is used if this is not provided. Variable references $(VAR_NAME)     are expanded using the container's environment. If a variable cannot be     resolved, the reference in the input string will be unchanged. The     $(VAR_NAME) syntax can be escaped with a double $$, ie: $$(VAR_NAME).     Escaped references will never be expanded, regardless of whether the     variable exists or not. Cannot be updated. More info:     https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/inject-data-application/define-command-argument-container/#running-a-command-in-a-shell   env  <[]Object>     List of environment variables to set in the container. Cannot be updated.   envFrom      <[]Object>     List of sources to populate environment variables in the container. The     keys defined within a source must be a C_IDENTIFIER. All invalid keys will     be reported as an event when the container is starting. When a key exists     in multiple sources, the value associated with the last source will take     precedence. Values defined by an Env with a duplicate key will take     precedence. Cannot be updated.   image             Docker image name. More info:     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images This field is     optional to allow higher level config management to default or override     container images in workload controllers like Deployments and StatefulSets.   imagePullPolicy           Image pull policy. One of Always, Never, IfNotPresent. Defaults to Always     if :latest tag is specified, or IfNotPresent otherwise. Cannot be updated.     More info:     https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images#updating-images   lifecycle