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ManyToMany单向和双向@JoinTable的使用方法是什么

发表于：2026-11-03 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月03日，这篇文章主要讲解了"ManyToMany单向和双向@JoinTable的使用方法是什么"，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习"ManyToMan

千家信息网最后更新 2026年11月03日ManyToMany单向和双向@JoinTable的使用方法是什么

这篇文章主要讲解了"ManyToMany单向和双向@JoinTable的使用方法是什么"，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习"ManyToMany单向和双向@JoinTable的使用方法是什么"吧！

ManyToMany单向、双向:@JoinTable使用

一、manytomany单向

单向是指类层面，在下面例子中老师类可以知道要教哪些学生，学生不知被哪些老师教

**需要用到连接表**@JoinTable(name="t_s",joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")})

也可以不用连接表，但是若不用连接表，表名、列名规则：

在student表中没有写外键则会用对方的表名_主键名
在teacher表中有外键，则会s_id（也是student的主键名）
表名是student_teacher

student类

@Entitypublic class student {    private int id;    private String name;    @Id    @GeneratedValue    public int getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }}

Teacher类

@Entity public class teacher {    private int id;    private String name;    private Set s=new HashSet();    @Id //必须加在getId上面    @GeneratedValue    public int getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {        this.id = id;    }    @ManyToMany    @JoinTable(name="t_s",    joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")}    )//将会以上两个字段为联合主键    //定义中间表的名称，列名：joinColumns，inverseJoinColumns是预防组合主键的时候。    public Set getS() {        return s;    }    public void setS(Set s) {        this.s = s;    }   }

二、manytomany双向

也可以用@JoinTable对连接表字段名进行修改

@Entitypublic class student {    private int id;    private String name;    private Set ts=new HashSet();    @Id    @GeneratedValue    public int getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    @ManyToMany    @JoinTable(name="t_s",    joinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="teacher_id")},inverseJoinColumns={@JoinColumn(name="student_id")}    )    public Set getTs() {        return ts;    }    public void setTs(Set ts) {        this.ts = ts;    }}

@Entity public class teacher {    private int id;    private String name;    private Set s=new HashSet();    @Id //必须加在getId上面    @GeneratedValue    public int getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(int id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="ts")    //定义中间表的名称，列名：joinColumns，inverseJoinColumns是预防组合主键的时候。    public Set getS() {        return s;    }    public void setS(Set s) {        this.s = s;    }}

@ManyToMany(多对多关系)使用小结

DeviceGroup类

package com.sunwave.grouping.domain;import javax.persistence.*;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.List;@Entity@Table(name = "device_group")public class DeviceGroup implements Serializable{    /**         *          */        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;        @Id    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)   /* @Column(name="group_id")*/    private long groupId;    @Column(name="group_name")    private String groupName;    @Column(name="description")    private String description;//自动在数据库里生成了group_has_element表，该表包括group_id和element_id两个字段，该表主要是用于存储device_group表和ne_element表的对应关系。    @ManyToMany(cascade = CascadeType.PERSIST, fetch = FetchType.LAZY)//表的关联，生成一个group_has_element中间表。    @JoinTable(name = "group_has_element",joinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "group_id",referencedColumnName = "groupId")}    ,inverseJoinColumns = {@JoinColumn(name = "element_id",referencedColumnName = "neNeid")})    private List elementList;        public List getElementList() {                return elementList;        }        public void setElementList(List elementList) {                this.elementList = elementList;        }        public long getGroupId() {                return groupId;        }        public void setGroupId(long groupId) {                this.groupId = groupId;        }        public String getGroupName() {                return groupName;        }        public void setGroupName(String groupName) {                this.groupName = groupName;        }        public String getDescription() {                return description;        }        public void setDescription(String description) {                this.description = description;        }        @Override        public String toString() {                return "DeviceGroup [groupId=" + groupId + ", groupName=" + groupName + ", description=" + description                                + ", elementList=" + elementList + "]";        }                }

NeElement 类

package com.sunwave.grouping.domain;import javax.persistence.*;import java.io.Serializable;import java.util.Date;import java.util.List;/** * @author lfw * @date   2020年8月3日 * @time   下午6:44:54 *  */@Entity@Table(name = "ne_element")public class NeElement implements Serializable{        /**         *          */        private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;                @Id        @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)        private Long neNeid; //设备唯一标识        private String coonReqUrl; //设备连接URL        private String serialNumber; //设备序列号        private String deviceIp;  //设备IP        private Long modelId;//modelName对应的id        private String description;//描述        private String manufacturer;//制造商        private String softwareVersion;//软件版本        private Date creationTime;//创建时间        private Date lastBootstrapTime;        private Date lastConnTime;//最后连接时间        private Date updateTime;//更新时间        private String oui;//oui        private String product;        private Boolean authRequirement;//是否需要认证        private String dialectIP;        private String updateUser;//更新用户        private String macAddress;//mac地址        private Integer onlineStatus;//在线状态        private Integer sessionStatus;//会话状态   @ManyToMany(mappedBy = "elementList")        private List deviceGroupList;        public String getDescription() {                return description;        }        public void setDescription(String description) {                this.description = description;        }        public String getManufacturer() {                return manufacturer;        }        public void setManufacturer(String manufacturer) {                this.manufacturer = manufacturer;        }        public String getSoftwareVersion() {                return softwareVersion;        }        public void setSoftwareVersion(String softwareVersion) {                this.softwareVersion = softwareVersion;        }        public Date getLastConnTime() {                return lastConnTime;        }        public void setLastConnTime(Date lastConnTime) {                this.lastConnTime = lastConnTime;        }        public Long getModelId() {                return modelId;        }        public void setModelId(Long modelId) {                this.modelId = modelId;        }        public Long getNeNeid() {                return neNeid;        }        public void setNeNeid(Long neNeid) {                this.neNeid = neNeid;        }        public String getCoonReqUrl() {                return coonReqUrl;        }        public void setCoonReqUrl(String coonReqUrl) {                this.coonReqUrl = coonReqUrl;        }        public String getDeviceIp() {                return deviceIp;        }        public void setDeviceIp(String deviceIp) {                this.deviceIp = deviceIp;        }        public String getSerialNumber() {                return serialNumber;        }        public void setSerialNumber(String serialNumber) {                this.serialNumber = serialNumber;        }        public Date getCreationTime() {                return creationTime;        }        public void setCreationTime(Date creationTime) {                this.creationTime = creationTime;        }        public Date getLastBootstrapTime() {                return lastBootstrapTime;        }        public void setLastBootstrapTime(Date lastBootstrapTime) {                this.lastBootstrapTime = lastBootstrapTime;        }        public Date getUpdateTime() {                return updateTime;        }        public void setUpdateTime(Date updateTime) {                this.updateTime = updateTime;        }        public String getOui() {                return oui;        }        public void setOui(String oui) {                this.oui = oui;        }        public String getProduct() {                return product;        }        public void setProduct(String product) {                this.product = product;        }        public Boolean getAuthRequirement() {                return authRequirement;        }        public void setAuthRequirement(Boolean authRequirement) {                this.authRequirement = authRequirement;        }        public String getDialectIP() {                return dialectIP;        }        public void setDialectIP(String dialectIP) {                this.dialectIP = dialectIP;        }        public String getUpdateUser() {                return updateUser;        }        public void setUpdateUser(String updateUser) {                this.updateUser = updateUser;        }        public String getMacAddress() {                return macAddress;        }        public void setMacAddress(String macAddress) {                this.macAddress = macAddress;        }        public Integer getOnlineStatus() {                return onlineStatus;        }        public void setOnlineStatus(Integer onlineStatus) {                this.onlineStatus = onlineStatus;        }        public Integer getSessionStatus() {                return sessionStatus;        }        public void setSessionStatus(Integer sessionStatus) {                this.sessionStatus = sessionStatus;        }}

以上为多对多关系的使用，大家可以参考，本人在使用过程中遇到以下报错信息：

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in class path resource [org/springframework/boot/autoconfigure/orm/jpa/HibernateJpaConfiguration.class]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to map collection com.sunwave.grouping.domain.DeviceGroup.elementList
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1694) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:573) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:495) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:317) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:315) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.getBean(AbstractApplicationContext.java:1087) ~[spring-context-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:857) ~[spring-context-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:548) ~[spring-context-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:142) ~[spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:754) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:386) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:307) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1242) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:1230) [spring-boot-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
at com.sunwave.Application.main(Application.java:26) [classes/:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:na]
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:na]
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:564) ~[na:na]
at org.springframework.boot.devtools.restart.RestartLauncher.run(RestartLauncher.java:49) [spring-boot-devtools-2.0.8.RELEASE.jar:2.0.8.RELEASE]
Caused by: org.hibernate.AnnotationException: Unable to map collection com.sunwave.grouping.domain.DeviceGroup.elementList
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindCollectionSecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:1621) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindManyToManySecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:1352) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindStarToManySecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:810) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder$1.secondPass(CollectionBinder.java:735) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.CollectionSecondPass.doSecondPass(CollectionSecondPass.java:54) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processSecondPasses(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1640) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.internal.InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.processSecondPasses(InFlightMetadataCollectorImpl.java:1608) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.boot.model.process.spi.MetadataBuildingProcess.complete(MetadataBuildingProcess.java:278) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.metadata(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:861) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.jpa.boot.internal.EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.build(EntityManagerFactoryBuilderImpl.java:888) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.createContainerEntityManagerFactory(SpringHibernateJpaPersistenceProvider.java:57) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.createNativeEntityManagerFactory(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:365) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.buildNativeEntityManagerFactory(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:390) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:377) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.afterPropertiesSet(LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean.java:341) ~[spring-orm-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.invokeInitMethods(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1753) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1690) ~[spring-beans-5.0.12.RELEASE.jar:5.0.12.RELEASE]
... 21 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.cfg.RecoverableException: Unable to find column with logical name: groupId in org.hibernate.mapping.Table(device_group) and its related supertables and secondary tables
at org.hibernate.cfg.Ejb3JoinColumn.checkReferencedColumnsType(Ejb3JoinColumn.java:837) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.BinderHelper.createSyntheticPropertyReference(BinderHelper.java:244) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
at org.hibernate.cfg.annotations.CollectionBinder.bindCollectionSecondPass(CollectionBinder.java:1611) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
... 37 common frames omitted
Caused by: org.hibernate.MappingException: Unable to find column with logical name: groupId in org.hibernate.mapping.Table(device_group) and its related supertables and secondary tables
at org.hibernate.cfg.Ejb3JoinColumn.checkReferencedColumnsType(Ejb3JoinColumn.java:832) ~[hibernate-core-5.2.17.Final.jar:5.2.17.Final]
... 39 common frames omitted

检查了实体类和数据库发现没有什么错，原来是因为我的实体类里的groupId上用了/*@Column(name="group_id")注解，如下把该注解注释掉或者删除掉就可以了。

/* @Column(name="group_id")*/ private long groupId;

感谢各位的阅读，以上就是"ManyToMany单向和双向@JoinTable的使用方法是什么"的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对ManyToMany单向和双向@JoinTable的使用方法是什么这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！

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