python怎么实现三子棋游戏

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一、基本流程

三子棋游戏实现逻辑如下：

1、创建初始化3*3棋盘；
2、玩家执U子，先进行落子；
3、胜负判定【胜、负、和棋】，若胜负未分，则继续如下
4、电脑执T子，进行落子；
5、胜负判定，若胜负未分，则从步骤2继续执行

二、基本步骤

1、菜单界面

选择1是开始游戏，选择2是退出游戏

def menu():    print('-'*20)    print('1---------------begin')    print('2---------------exit')    print('please select begin or exit')    print('-' * 20)    while(1):        select = input('please input:')        if select == '1':            begin_games()            pass        elif select == '2':            print('exit the game')            break            #pass    pass

2、初始化棋盘、打印棋盘

三子棋棋盘是3*3的方阵，在python中用列表来进行存储。

chess_board = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]]

那么如何将这个存储列表打印出来，成为棋盘呢？

def init_cheaa_board(chess_board): #先对列表进行初始化    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        for j in range(MAX_COL):            chess_board[i][j] = ' '    passdef print_chess_board(chess_board): #棋盘打印    print('*'+'-'*7+'*'+'-'*7+'*'+'-'*7+'*')    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        print('|'+' '*3+chess_board[i][0]+' '*3+'|'+' '*3+chess_board[i][1]+' '*3+'|'+' '*3+chess_board[i][2]+' '*3+'|')        print('*' + '-' * 7 + '*' + '-' * 7 + '*' + '-' * 7 + '*')        pass    pass

3、玩家落子

玩家在3*3的棋盘中选择落子的横纵坐标。坐标点需要满足：1、该点在棋盘内；2、该点还未置子。

def player_first(chess_board):    while(1):        x = int(input('please input x:'))        y = int(input('please input y:'))        if(chess_board[x][y] != ' '): #若已被置子，则重新选择坐标            print('This position is already occupied!')            pass        elif(x >= MAX_ROW or y >= MAX_COL or x < 0 or y < 0): #所选坐标超出棋盘范围，重新选择坐标            print('This position is beyond the chessboard!')            pass        else: #若坐标可以落子，则将该坐标置为玩家的棋子U            chess_board[x][y] = 'U'            print_chess_board(chess_board)            #return x,y            break            pass    pass

4、电脑落子

电脑落子算法：

4.1、先检查一下棋盘，看电脑已占有棋面中是否已经有两子连成、即将成棋的状态。若已有，则获取可以促成胜利的坐标点，进行落子T；

4.2、若4.1不满足，则再去检查一下棋盘，看玩家已占有棋面中是否已经有两子连成、即将成棋的状态。若已有，则获取玩家即将胜利的坐标点，落子T进行拦截；

4.3、若4.1、4.2均不满足，则在棋面中选择电脑端有利的点进行落子；

A、先判断中心位置[1][1]处是否被占领，若未被占领，则这是最有利点。当占领[1][1]点时，则阻断了玩家的横、纵、正对角线、副对角线四条线路；
B、次有利点则是3*3棋盘的四个角，每占领一个角，则会阻断玩家的三条线路；
C、最后有利的点则是每条边的中心位置，会阻断玩家的两条线路；

def Intercept_player(chess_board,key):    count2 = 0    index2 = []    intercept_index = {'x':-1,'y':-1}    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        index = []        count = 0        count1 = 0        index1 = []        allindex = [0,1,2]        for j in range(MAX_ROW):            if(chess_board[i][j] == key): #每一行的玩家落子情况                count += 1                index.append(j)            if(chess_board[j][i] == key): #每一列的玩家落子情况                #print('j'+str(j)+',i'+str(i)+'='+chess_board[j][i])                count1 += 1                index1.append(j)            if (i == j and chess_board[j][i] == key):  # 在主对角线中的玩家落子情况                count2 += 1                index2.append(j)        if(count == 2):    #在每一行中  获取具体的可以拦截的位置坐标  需要排除掉已经填充的位置            result = list(set(allindex).difference(set(index)))            result = result[0]            if(chess_board[i][result] == ' '): #当这个位置可以进行拦截时，进行坐标返回                #return i,result                intercept_index['x'] = i                intercept_index['y'] = result                return intercept_index        #print(count1,'------->',index1)        if (count1 == 2):  # 在每一列中 获取具体的可以拦截的位置坐标  需要排除掉已经填充的位置            result = list(set(allindex).difference(set(index1)))            result = result[0]            #print('count1==2,result:',result)            if (chess_board[result][i] == ' '):  # 当这个位置可以进行拦截时，进行坐标返回                intercept_index['x'] = result                intercept_index['y'] = i                return intercept_index                #return i, result        if (count2 == 2):  # 在主对角线上 获取具体的可以拦截的位置坐标  需要排除掉已经填充的位置            result = list(set(allindex).difference(set(index2)))            result = result[0]            if (chess_board[i][result] == ' '):  # 当这个位置可以进行拦截时，进行坐标返回                intercept_index['x'] = i                intercept_index['y'] = result                return intercept_index                #return i, result    count3 = 0    if(chess_board[0][2] == key):        count3 += 1    if (chess_board[1][1] == key):        count3 += 1    if (chess_board[2][0] == key):        count3 += 1    if(count3 == 2):        if(chess_board[0][2] == ' '):            intercept_index['x'] = 0            intercept_index['y'] = 2        elif (chess_board[1][1] == ' '):            intercept_index['x'] = 1            intercept_index['y'] = 1        elif (chess_board[2][0] == ' '):            intercept_index['x'] = 2            intercept_index['y'] = 0    return intercept_index    def computer_second(chess_board):  #电脑智能出棋    #1、先检查一下电脑是否两子成棋  若已有，则获取空位置坐标 自己先成棋    intercept_index = Intercept_player(chess_board, 'T')    if (intercept_index['x'] == -1 and intercept_index['y'] == -1):        pass    else:  # 电脑可落子        x = intercept_index['x']        y = intercept_index['y']        chess_board[x][y] = 'T'        return    #2、若玩家快成棋   则先进行拦截    intercept_index = Intercept_player(chess_board,'U')   #若玩家已经两子成棋  则获取空位置的坐标    #print('intercept_index---:')    #print(intercept_index)    if(intercept_index['x'] == -1 and intercept_index['y'] == -1):        pass    else:  #电脑可落子        x = intercept_index['x']        y = intercept_index['y']        chess_board[x][y] = 'T'        return    #3、如果没有，则电脑端排棋  以促进成棋    #3.1、 占领中心位置  如若中心位置[1,1]未被占领    if(chess_board[1][1] == ' '):        chess_board[1][1] = 'T'        return    #3.2、 占领四角位置  若[0,0]  [0,2]  [2,0]  [2,2]未被占领    if (chess_board[0][0] == ' '):        chess_board[0][0] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[0][2] == ' '):        chess_board[0][2] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[2][0] == ' '):        chess_board[2][0] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[2][2] == ' '):        chess_board[2][2] = 'T'        return    # 3.3、 占领每一边中心位置  若[0,1]  [1,0]  [1,2]  [2,1]未被占领    if (chess_board[0][1] == ' '):        chess_board[0][1] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[1][0] == ' '):        chess_board[1][0] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[1][2] == ' '):        chess_board[1][2] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[2][1] == ' '):        chess_board[2][1] = 'T'        return

5、输赢判定

最终的结果：输、赢、和棋D
判定流程：判断每个横线、纵线、对角线上是否有玩家U或电脑T连成三子的，若有则是该方胜出；当整个棋面都被占满，但玩家和电脑都未成棋时，则说明和棋。

def chess_board_isfull(chess_board):   #判断棋盘是否填充满    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        if (' ' in chess_board[i]):            return 0    return 1    pass    def Win_or_lose(chess_board):    isfull = chess_board_isfull(chess_board)    for i in range(MAX_ROW):  #每一列的判断        if( chess_board[0][i] == chess_board[1][i] == chess_board[2][i]):            return chess_board[0][i]            pass        pass    for i in range(MAX_ROW):  # 每一行的判断        if( chess_board[i][0] == chess_board[i][1] == chess_board[i][2]):            return chess_board[i][0]            pass        pass    if (chess_board[0][0] == chess_board[1][1] == chess_board[2][2]):  # 判断棋盘正对角线        return chess_board[0][0]    if (chess_board[0][2] == chess_board[1][1] == chess_board[2][0]):  # 判断棋盘反对角线        return chess_board[0][2]    if isfull:        return 'D'  # 经过以上的判断，都不满足(既没赢也没输)，但是棋盘也已经填充满，则说明和棋    else:        return ' '

三、整体代码

# coding=utf-8import randomMAX_ROW = 3MAX_COL = 3#array = ['0','0','0']chess_board = [[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]] #[array] * 3def init_cheaa_board(chess_board):    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        for j in range(MAX_COL):            chess_board[i][j] = ' '    passdef print_chess_board(chess_board):    print('*'+'-'*7+'*'+'-'*7+'*'+'-'*7+'*')    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        print('|'+' '*3+chess_board[i][0]+' '*3+'|'+' '*3+chess_board[i][1]+' '*3+'|'+' '*3+chess_board[i][2]+' '*3+'|')        print('*' + '-' * 7 + '*' + '-' * 7 + '*' + '-' * 7 + '*')        pass    passdef player_first(chess_board):    while(1):        x = int(input('please input x:'))        y = int(input('please input y:'))        if(chess_board[x][y] != ' '):            print('This position is already occupied!')            pass        elif(x >= MAX_ROW or y >= MAX_COL or x < 0 or y < 0):            print('This position is beyond the chessboard!')            pass        else:            chess_board[x][y] = 'U'            print_chess_board(chess_board)            #return x,y            break            pass    passdef chess_board_isfull(chess_board):   #判断棋盘是否填充满    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        if (' ' in chess_board[i]):            return 0    return 1    passdef Win_or_lose(chess_board):    isfull = chess_board_isfull(chess_board)    for i in range(MAX_ROW):  #每一列的判断        if( chess_board[0][i] == chess_board[1][i] == chess_board[2][i]):            return chess_board[0][i]            pass        pass    for i in range(MAX_ROW):  # 每一行的判断        if( chess_board[i][0] == chess_board[i][1] == chess_board[i][2]):            return chess_board[i][0]            pass        pass    if (chess_board[0][0] == chess_board[1][1] == chess_board[2][2]):  # 判断棋盘正对角线        return chess_board[0][0]    if (chess_board[0][2] == chess_board[1][1] == chess_board[2][0]):  # 判断棋盘反对角线        return chess_board[0][2]    if isfull:        return 'D'  # 经过以上的判断，都不满足(既没赢也没输)，但是棋盘也已经填充满，则说明和棋    else:        return ' 'def computer_second_random(chess_board):    #电脑随机出棋    while(1):        x = random.randint(0,2)        y = random.randint(0,2)        if(chess_board[x][y] != ' '):            continue        else:            chess_board[x][y] = 'T'            breakdef Intercept_player(chess_board,key):    count2 = 0    index2 = []    intercept_index = {'x':-1,'y':-1}    for i in range(MAX_ROW):        index = []        count = 0        count1 = 0        index1 = []        allindex = [0,1,2]        for j in range(MAX_ROW):            if(chess_board[i][j] == key): #每一行的玩家落子情况                count += 1                index.append(j)            if(chess_board[j][i] == key): #每一列的玩家落子情况                #print('j'+str(j)+',i'+str(i)+'='+chess_board[j][i])                count1 += 1                index1.append(j)            if (i == j and chess_board[j][i] == key):  # 在主对角线中的玩家落子情况                count2 += 1                index2.append(j)        if(count == 2):    #在每一行中  获取具体的可以拦截的位置坐标  需要排除掉已经填充的位置            result = list(set(allindex).difference(set(index)))            result = result[0]            if(chess_board[i][result] == ' '): #当这个位置可以进行拦截时，进行坐标返回                #return i,result                intercept_index['x'] = i                intercept_index['y'] = result                return intercept_index        #print(count1,'------->',index1)        if (count1 == 2):  # 在每一列中 获取具体的可以拦截的位置坐标  需要排除掉已经填充的位置            result = list(set(allindex).difference(set(index1)))            result = result[0]            #print('count1==2,result:',result)            if (chess_board[result][i] == ' '):  # 当这个位置可以进行拦截时，进行坐标返回                intercept_index['x'] = result                intercept_index['y'] = i                return intercept_index                #return i, result        if (count2 == 2):  # 在主对角线上 获取具体的可以拦截的位置坐标  需要排除掉已经填充的位置            result = list(set(allindex).difference(set(index2)))            result = result[0]            if (chess_board[i][result] == ' '):  # 当这个位置可以进行拦截时，进行坐标返回                intercept_index['x'] = i                intercept_index['y'] = result                return intercept_index                #return i, result    count3 = 0    if(chess_board[0][2] == key):        count3 += 1    if (chess_board[1][1] == key):        count3 += 1    if (chess_board[2][0] == key):        count3 += 1    if(count3 == 2):        if(chess_board[0][2] == ' '):            intercept_index['x'] = 0            intercept_index['y'] = 2        elif (chess_board[1][1] == ' '):            intercept_index['x'] = 1            intercept_index['y'] = 1        elif (chess_board[2][0] == ' '):            intercept_index['x'] = 2            intercept_index['y'] = 0    return intercept_indexdef computer_second(chess_board):  #电脑智能出棋    #1、先检查一下电脑是否两子成棋  若已有，则获取空位置坐标 自己先成棋    intercept_index = Intercept_player(chess_board, 'T')    if (intercept_index['x'] == -1 and intercept_index['y'] == -1):        pass    else:  # 电脑可落子        x = intercept_index['x']        y = intercept_index['y']        chess_board[x][y] = 'T'        return    #2、若玩家快成棋   则先进行拦截    intercept_index = Intercept_player(chess_board,'U')   #若玩家已经两子成棋  则获取空位置的坐标    #print('intercept_index---:')    #print(intercept_index)    if(intercept_index['x'] == -1 and intercept_index['y'] == -1):        pass    else:  #电脑可落子        x = intercept_index['x']        y = intercept_index['y']        chess_board[x][y] = 'T'        return    #3、如果没有，则电脑端排棋  以促进成棋    #3.1、 占领中心位置  如若中心位置[1,1]未被占领    if(chess_board[1][1] == ' '):        chess_board[1][1] = 'T'        return    #3.2、 占领四角位置  若[0,0]  [0,2]  [2,0]  [2,2]未被占领    if (chess_board[0][0] == ' '):        chess_board[0][0] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[0][2] == ' '):        chess_board[0][2] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[2][0] == ' '):        chess_board[2][0] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[2][2] == ' '):        chess_board[2][2] = 'T'        return    # 3.3、 占领每一边中心位置  若[0,1]  [1,0]  [1,2]  [2,1]未被占领    if (chess_board[0][1] == ' '):        chess_board[0][1] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[1][0] == ' '):        chess_board[1][0] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[1][2] == ' '):        chess_board[1][2] = 'T'        return    if (chess_board[2][1] == ' '):        chess_board[2][1] = 'T'        returndef begin_games():    global chess_board    init_cheaa_board(chess_board)    result = ' '    while(1):        print_chess_board(chess_board)        player_first(chess_board)        result = Win_or_lose(chess_board)        if(result != ' '):            break        else: #棋盘还没满，该电脑出棋            #computer_second_random(chess_board)            computer_second(chess_board)            result = Win_or_lose(chess_board)            if (result != ' '):                break    print_chess_board(chess_board)    if (result == 'U'):        print('Congratulations on your victory!')    elif (result == 'T'):        print('Unfortunately, you failed to beat the computer.')    elif (result == 'D'):        print('The two sides broke even.')def menu():    print('-'*20)    print('1---------------begin')    print('2---------------exit')    print('please select begin or exit')    print('-' * 20)    while(1):        select = input('please input:')        if select == '1':            begin_games()            pass        elif select == '2':            print('exit the game')            break            #pass    passif __name__ == "__main__":    menu()    pass

四、结果展示

4.1 在以下截图中，展示了电脑拦截、占据有利位置、并率先成棋的过程

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