openstack create vm步骤

一、查看信息

1)鉴权

[root@rong ~]# cat keystonerc_admin unset OS_SERVICE_TOKEN    export OS_USERNAME=admin    export OS_PASSWORD='8d07f364025d414e'    export OS_REGION_NAME=RegionOne    export OS_AUTH_URL=http://192.168.222.128:5000/v3    export PS1='[\u@\h \W(keystone_admin)]\$ 'export OS_PROJECT_NAME=adminexport OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Defaultexport OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Defaultexport OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3    [root@rong ~]# source keystonerc_admin [root@rong ~(keystone_admin)]# 

2)查看规格，下列规格是默认有的

[root@rong ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack flavor list+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+| ID | Name      |   RAM | Disk | Ephemeral | VCPUs | Is Public |+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+| 1  | m1.tiny   |   512 |    1 |         0 |     1 | True      || 2  | m1.small  |  2048 |   20 |         0 |     1 | True      || 3  | m1.medium |  4096 |   40 |         0 |     2 | True      || 4  | m1.large  |  8192 |   80 |         0 |     4 | True      || 5  | m1.xlarge | 16384 |  160 |         0 |     8 | True      |+----+-----------+-------+------+-----------+-------+-----------+[root@rong ~(keystone_admin)]#

3)查看镜像

[root@rong ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack image list+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+| ID                                   | Name      | Status |+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+| fd04d446-f1cb-4aa8-9f72-f414a71faefc | cirros    | active || 587655c8-87ea-4c3f-bdba-41a763667d57 | cirrosnew | active |+--------------------------------------+-----------+--------+

由于默认的镜像大小不对，创建虚拟机会报错，这里上传了新的镜像，具体操作请看"故障处理"。
4)查看网络

[root@rong ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack network list+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+| ID                                   | Name    | Subnets                              |+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+| 573ad869-aa73-4c8c-a57c-033590c4f8f1 | private | 1f5a428e-e7f4-430b-9bdd-adedf2692d5b || 6aa84627-9631-4c2c-8549-2fc7880d8d18 | public  | ae58274e-eaf3-467f-adc1-dec7b39a3084 |+--------------------------------------+---------+--------------------------------------+

二、创建虚拟机
1)通过openstack界面创建

2)查看虚拟机

3)通过VNC进入虚拟机操作系统

三、故障排除
1)OpenStack报错:Host is not mapped to any cell
通过命令创建虚拟机报错：Host is not mapped to any cell，通过执行nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose后，可以创建虚拟机。
参考：https://blog.51cto.com/3241766/2328408
2)openstack vnc报错：failed to connect to server (code: 1006)
在vmware中使用火狐登陆openstack，通过VNC登陆，报错failed to connect to server (code: 1006)，通过在/etc/hosts中添加主机名和IP地址解析后，可以打开VNC。
参考：https://blog.51cto.com/01000/1926756
3)默认的cirror镜像有问题导致创建虚拟机报错
故障排除思路：刚开始通过命令创建虚拟机可以运行，但通过界面创建虚拟机报did not finish being created even after we waited 22 seconds的错误，查看磁盘也是错误的，还以为cinder没配置好，但单独创建磁盘又是正常的，再看了cinder的日志，发现lvm': Image is not in qcow2 format，查看默认的镜像，发现镜像只有4k，而cirros正常应该是13M左右，于是上传新的cirros，再次创建虚拟机，问题解决。

grep ERROR /var/log/nova/nova-compute.log2020-03-07 01:08:45.770 39342 ERROR nova.compute.manager [req-bb578158-d197-49c6-b175-3aea0c9c5dad 25fccd945563495ba21acd0abea6fdbe 7f63d6be4a7c446a831f4a4d0bcc8201 - default default] [instance: e4234603-8aee-45f2-90ac-948761dd5b2a] Build of instance e4234603-8aee-45f2-90ac-948761dd5b2a aborted: Volume 3c39cc33-dd25-4eef-bd1c-b51dc9caa724 did not finish being created even after we waited 22 seconds or 7 attempts. And its status is error.: BuildAbortException: Build of instance e4234603-8aee-45f2-90ac-948761dd5b2a aborted: Volume 3c39cc33-dd25-4eef-bd1c-b51dc9caa724 did not finish being created even after we waited 22 seconds or 7 attempts. And its status is error.

 grep ERROR /var/log/cinder/volume.log2020-03-07 01:20:43.686 4216 ERROR cinder.volume.flows.manager.create_volume [req-2bdb180a-5236-4c78-b9f9-45a55dae1784 25fccd945563495ba21acd0abea6fdbe 7f63d6be4a7c446a831f4a4d0bcc8201 - default default] Volume 8a015ea9-b34a-47a8-86b7-f40721b279cd: create failed2020-03-07 01:20:43.708 4216 ERROR oslo_messaging.rpc.server [req-2bdb180a-5236-4c78-b9f9-45a55dae1784 25fccd945563495ba21acd0abea6fdbe 7f63d6be4a7c446a831f4a4d0bcc8201 - default default] Exception during message handling: ImageCopyFailure: Failed to copy image to volume: qemu-img: Could not open '/var/lib/cinder/conversion/tmpx_Egn4rong@lvm': Image is not in qcow2 format

通过winscp上传新镜像cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img：

通过命令上传：

openstack image create "cirrosnew" \--file cirros-0.3.5-x86_64-disk.img \--disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \--public

[root@rong ~(keystone_admin)]# openstack image show cirrosnew+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| Field            | Value                                                                                                                                                                                      |+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| checksum         | 443b7623e27ecf03dc9e01ee93f67afe                                                                                                                                                           || container_format | bare                                                                                                                                                                                       || created_at       | 2020-03-07T10:11:31Z                                                                                                                                                                       || disk_format      | qcow2                                                                                                                                                                                      || file             | /v2/images/587655c8-87ea-4c3f-bdba-41a763667d57/file                                                                                                                                       || id               | 587655c8-87ea-4c3f-bdba-41a763667d57                                                                                                                                                       || min_disk         | 0                                                                                                                                                                                          || min_ram          | 0                                                                                                                                                                                          || name             | cirrosnew                                                                                                                                                                                  || owner            | 7f63d6be4a7c446a831f4a4d0bcc8201                                                                                                                                                           || properties       | os_hash_algo='sha512', os_hash_value='6513f21e44aa3da349f248188a44bc304a3653a04122d8fb4535423c8e1d14cd6a153f735bb0982e2161b5b5186106570c17a9e58b64dd39390617cd5a350f78', os_hidden='False' || protected        | False                                                                                                                                                                                      || schema           | /v2/schemas/image                                                                                                                                                                          || size             | 12716032                                                                                                                                                                                   || status           | active                                                                                                                                                                                     || tags             |                                                                                                                                                                                            || updated_at       | 2020-03-07T10:11:33Z                                                                                                                                                                       || virtual_size     | None                                                                                                                                                                                       || visibility       | public                                                                                                                                                                                     |+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+[root@rong ~(keystone_admin)]#