完全备份数据和差异备份数据的shell脚本

#!/bin/bash ## Description: 该脚本功能，以周为单位循环；周五实行完全备份，周六不备份，周日至周四实行差异备份；#              因工作需要，不实行压缩打包的方式，采用cp完全备份，rsync差异备份；#              若要使用该脚本，请直接修改下面的两个参数：BackupPath和DATAPath，其他地方请不要修改；# DATE: 2017-04-24 22:43:00# MODIFY DATE: 2017-08-28 17:20:00  #     VERSION: 2.0#      Author: xixi_chan# 导入PATH环境变量export PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/bin:/sbin:/root/bin# 重新定义IFS变量避免目录或文件名存在空格时被分割IFS=`echo -en "\n\b"`# 定义全局变量BackupPath=/mnt/backup_data/# 指定备份路径 MountPath=//ds-bk01/drv-y# 指定windwos备份服务器共享路径DATAPath=/data/  # 需要备份的目录  Time=`date +%Y-%m-%d`# 定义Today的时间变量Host=`echo $HOSTNAME | awk -F'.' '{print $1}'`# 定义主机名LogFile="/var/log/${Host}/${Host}_${Time}.log"  # 定义日志文件名称LogDir=`echo "$LogFile" | sed -r 's@[^/]+/?$@@g'`# 定义日志文件所在的目录DirFile=`ls $DATAPath`# 将备份路径下的文件及目录保存至变量DirFile中FirstFile="${BackupPath}${Host}_${Time}/`basename ${DATAPath}`/"  # 根据时间定义当前备份的目录OldFirstFile="${BackupPath}${Host}_$(date +%Y-%m-%d --date='7 days ago')"# 定义7天前的备份目录Mail_Group="test@aaa.com"    # 定义收件人username=user    # 定义挂载备份服务器的用户名password=password    # 定义挂载备份服务器的密码# 记录日志文件的开头部分Head() {[ ! -d $LogDir ] && mkdir $LogDirecho "[ 日文 ] このメッセ?ジはAB Linuxサ?バを介して、このメッセ?ジを介してs-smb01サ?バのデ?タバックアップを??するために送信されます。" > $LogFileecho "[ 中文 ] 这封邮件是通过AB的linux服务器发出来的，通过这封邮件来确认s-smb01服务器的数据备份情况！" >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "---------------------The backup starts----------------------" >> $LogFile echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "Start Backup $DATAPath $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")"  >> $LogFile 2>&1 echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "---------------------The backup starts----------------------"  >> $LogFile 2>&1 echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1}# 日志的结束部分end(){echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "---------------------The backup ends ----------------------"  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo " $DATAPath backup ends            $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")"  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo "---------------------The backup ends ----------------------"  >> $LogFile 2>&1}# 完全备份FullBackup(){echo "Today is week: `date +%a`, Start performing a full backups..." >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1if [ -d $OldFirstFile ];then     rm -rf $OldFirstFile  >> $LogFile 2>&1      echo "[ $OldFirstFile ] Delete Old File Success!`date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1[ ! -d $FirstFile ] && mkdir -pv $FirstFile   >> $LogFile 2>&1cd $DATAPathfor File in $DirFile; docp -a ${File}  $FirstFile  >> $LogFile 2>&1if [ $? -eq 0 ];thenecho "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1 fidoneelseif [ ! -d $FirstFile ];thenmkdir -pv $FirstFile  >> $LogFile 2>&1 cd $DATAPathfor File in $DirFile; docp -a ${File}  $FirstFile  >> $LogFile 2>&1 if [ $? -eq 0 ];thenecho "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1 fidoneelseecho "[ $DATAPath ]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!`date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1 fifi   }# 差异备份DiffBackup() {echo "Today is week: `date +%a`, Start performing differential backups..." >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1if [ -d $OldFirstFile ];then        rm -rf $OldFirstFile  >> $LogFile 2>&1        echo "[ $OldFirstFile ] Delete Old File Success!        `date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1        [ ! -d $FirstFile ] && mkdir -pv $FirstFile   >> $LogFile 2>&1        rsync --dry-run -racnC --out-format="%n"  $DATAPath $d_dir | grep -v "/$" | xargs -I{} rsync -R -a -z ${DATAPath}/./{} $FirstFileif [ $? -eq 0 ];thenecho "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1 fielse        if [ ! -d $FirstFile ];then                mkdir -pv $FirstFile  >> $LogFile 2>&1                rsync --dry-run -racnC --out-format="%n"  $DATAPath $d_dir | grep -v "/$" | xargs -I{} rsync -R -a -z ${DATAPath}/./{} $FirstFileif [ $? -eq 0 ];thenecho "[ ${DATAPath}${File} ] Backup Success!`date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1 fi        else                echo "[ ${DATAPath} ]The Backup File is exists,Can't Backup!      `date`"  >> $LogFile 2>&1        fifi}# 日志开始部分Head# 判断是否挂载//ds-bk01/drv-y，如果没有则挂载，如果挂载不成功则退出脚本,并记录至日志文件mount | grep $MountPath >> $LogFile 2>&1if [ $? -eq 0 ];then        echo "[ $Host ] has successfully installed backup server shared directories: [ $MountPath ] to local: [ $BackupPath ] ... " >> $LogFile 2>&1        echo  >> $LogFile 2>&1else        echo "[ $Host ] does not mount a backup server shared directory: [ $MountPath ] ..."  >> $LogFile 2>&1        mount.cifs -o username=$username,password=$password,dir_mode=0777,file_mode=0777 $MountPath $BackupPath        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then                echo "Mount successfully!" >> $LogFile 2>&1        else                echo "[ $Host ] failed to mount backup server shared directory: [ $MountPath ] to local: [ $BackupPath ] ..." >> $LogFile 2>&1                echo "Mount again, please!" >> $LogFile 2>&1                echo "The shell script has exited..." >> $LogFile 2>&1end                mail -s  "From [ $Host ] backup information [ $Time ]" $Mail_Group < $LogFile                exit 8        fifi# 备份策略的变量a=`date +%u`# 定义Today是星期几b=7 # 定义多少天循环一次完全备份和差异备份，这里定义为7天循环一次，如果要增大循环天数，请修改此处c=5# 这里5代表是周五完全备份，如果要改成周六完全备份，请修改为6，注意：c与d的值不能相同d=6# 定义每周6不备份数据,注意：c与d的值不能相同# 注意，下面的语句很重，判断Today是否大于$c，定义变量ago将采用不同的表达式计算if [ "$a" -gt "$c" ]; then  ago=$[ $a - $c ]# 定义Today离$c有多少天else  ago=$[ $a + $b - $c ]  # 定义Today离$c有多少天fid_dir=${BackupPath}${Host}_$(date +%Y-%m-%d -d "`echo $ago` days ago")/`basename ${DATAPath}`/ # 获取完全备份数据后的目录路径#date +%Y-%m-%d -d "`echo $ago` days ago" # 定义备份策略if [ "$a" -eq "$c" ]; thenFullBackupelif [ "$a" -eq "$d" ]; thenecho "Today is Saturday 6, according to the backup strategy, today no data backup." >> $LogFile 2>&1elseDiffBackupfi# 日志结束部分end# 备份完成后发送邮件至指定邮箱mail -s  "From [ $Host ] backup information [ $Time ]" $Mail_Group < $LogFileexit 0