Python 3中怎么查看字符编码

import urllib.request

import chardet

url = 'http://www.baidu.com'

a = urllib.request.urlopen(url)

encode = chardet.detect(a.read())

print(encode['encoding'])

f = open('a.txt', 'rb')

print(chardet.detect(f.read(100)))

s = '张三'

print(chardet.detect(str.encode(s)))

输出信息：{'encoding': 'utf-8', 'confidence': 0.7525, 'language': ''}