sas怎么用于时间的函数

这篇文章给大家介绍sas怎么用于时间的函数，内容非常详细，感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考借鉴，希望对大家能有所帮助。

处理股票数据,经常要对时间变量作处理,特意摘录sas.support.com的样例来学习sas的用于时间的函数.另外《DATE HANDLING IN THE SAS ® SYSTEM》一文中也有很多详细的例子。

*计算年龄;/* Create sample data */data birth;  input name $ bday :mmddyy10.;datalines;Miguel      12/31/1973Joe         02/28/1976Rutger      03/29/1976Broguen     03/01/1976Susan       12/12/1976Michael     02/14/1971LeCe        11/09/1967Hans        07/02/1955Lou         07/30/1960;run;/* Use the INTCK function to count the number of months between       *//* the date of birth and the current date.  Divide the number of      *//* months by 12 to produce the number of years.  Use the MONTH        *//* function to determine if the month of the birthday and the current *//* date are the same.  If they are, determine if the birthday has     *//* occurred this year.  If it hasn't, adjust the age by subtracting   *//* one year.                                                          */  data ages;  set birth;  retain current;  if _n_=1 then current=today();  format bday current worddate20.;  age=int(intck('month',bday,current)/12);  if month(bday)=month(current) then age=age-(day(bday)>day(current));run;proc print;run;*计算两个日期间的年月日数目;data a;  input @1 dob mmddyy10.;  /* Get the current date from operating system */  tod=today();  /* Determine number of days in the month prior to current month */  bdays=day(intnx('month',tod,0)-1);  /* Find difference in days, months, and years between */  /* start and end dates                                */                dd=day(tod)-day(dob);  mm=month(tod)-month(dob);  yy=year(tod)-year(dob);  /* If the difference in days is a negative value, add the number */     /* of days in the previous month and reduce the number of months */  /* by 1.                                                         */  if dd < 0 then do;    dd=bdays+dd;    mm=mm-1;  end;  /* If the difference in months is a negative number add 12 */     /* to the month count and reduce year count by 1.          */  if mm < 0 then do;    mm=mm+12;    yy=yy-1;  end;  format dob tod mmddyy10.;datalines;01/01/197002/28/199201/01/200002/28/200002/29/200003/01/200005/10/199005/11/199005/12/1990;proc print label;  label dob='Date of Birth'        tod="Today's Date"          dd='Difference in Days'         mm= 'Difference in Months'         yy='Difference in Years';  var dob tod yy mm dd;run;/*********************************************************************//* The following code calculates the start and end dates for         *//* daylight saving time for the years 2006 through 2009.             *//*                                                                   *//* FDOY represents the first day of the year                         *//* FDO_APR represents the first day of April                         *//* DST_BEG represents the first day of daylight saving time          *//*                                                                  *//* It is calculated using this syntax:                               *//*    intnx('week.1',fdo_apr,(weekday(fdo_apr) ne 1))                *//*                                                                   *//* Explanation of the above syntax:                                  *//*   - weekday(fdo_apr) returns a number between 1 and 7,            *//*     which represents the day of the week, 1=Sunday and 7=Saturday *//*                                                                   *//*   - weekday(fdo_apr) ne 1) returns a 0 if the first day           *//*     of April is a Sunday and 1 otherwise.                         *//*                                                                   *//*   - intnx('week.1',fdo_apr,(weekday(fdo_apr) ne 1)) returns a     *//*     SAS date which is 0 WEEK intervals from the FDO_APR, if the   *//*     first day of April is a Sunday. The WEEK.1 interval specifies */ /*     Sunday as the first day of the week.                          *//*                                                                   *//*   OR                                                              *//*                                                                   *//*   returns a SAS date which is 1 WEEK interval from the FDO_APR,   *//*   if the first day of April is not a Sunday, (using Sunday as     *//*   the first day of the week).                                     *//*                                                                   *//*                                                                   *//* DST_END represents the end of daylight saving time and is         *//* calculated similarly to DST_BEG.                                  *//*********************************************************************/data _null_;  do year=2006 to 2009;    fdoy=mdy(1,1,year);    /* For years prior to 2007, daylight time begins in the United States on */    /* the first Sunday in April and ends on the last Sunday in October.     */    if year <= 2006 then do;      fdo_apr=intnx('month',fdoy,3);      dst_beg=intnx('week.1',fdo_apr,(weekday(fdo_apr) ne 1));      fdo_oct=intnx('month',fdoy,9);      dst_end=intnx('week.1',fdo_oct,(weekday(fdo_oct) in (6,7))+4);    end;    /* Due to the Energy Policy Act of 2005, Pub. L. no. 109-58, 119 Stat 594 */    /* (2005).  Starting in March 2007, daylight time in the United States    */    /* will begin on the second Sunday in March and end on the first Sunday   */    /* in November.  For more information, one reference is                   */    /* http://aa.usno.navy.mil                                                */    else do;        fdo_mar=intnx('month',fdoy,2);      dst_beg=intnx('week.1',fdo_mar, (weekday(fdo_mar) in (2,3,4,5,6,7))+1);      fdo_nov=intnx('month',fdoy,10);      dst_end=intnx('week.1',fdo_nov,(weekday(fdo_nov) ne 1));    end;    put dst_beg= worddate. /    dst_end= worddate. / ;  end;run;/* Sample 1: Variables for date, hour, minute and seconds */data datetime;                             if _n_=1 then sdate=date();              retain sdate;                            format sasdt dateampm22. bid dollar6.0;  input hr min sec bid dollar6.;           sasdt=dhms(sdate,hr,min,sec);            keep sasdt bid ;                                        datalines;                               8 00 25 $200                             8 10 14 $300                             9 24 30 $400                                                       ;                                        run;   /* Sample 2 : Variables for date and time */data datetime;                             if _n_=1 then sdate=date();              retain sdate;                            format sasdt dateampm22. bid dollar6.0;  input stime time8. +1 bid dollar6.;   /* Use zero placeholders for the H and M parameters */     sasdt=dhms(sdate,0,0,stime);             keep sasdt bid ;                                          datalines;                                                         10:30:30 $450                            11:49:20 $465                            13:44:12 $475                                                       ;run;data ds1;    do date='01nov2010'd to '31dec2010'd;       output;        end;run;/* The WEEK variable returns a value of 1 to 5 based on the number of weeks in a month using a combination of the INTNX and INTCK functions. Note:  The INTCK function returns the integer number of time intervals in a given time span. By default, Sunday is the beginning of the week interval. The INTNX function increments (either forwards or backwards) a date, time or datetime value by a specified interval. */data ds2;   set ds1;   week=intck('week',intnx('month',date,0),date)+1;run;proc print;   format date date9.;run;*finding the first business day of the mounth;/* Create sample data */data test;  input date :mmddyy6.;  format date date9.;datalines;010106010406041806081806123106;data getweek;  set test;  /* Use INTNX to roll DATE back to the first of the year. */  /* Pass the result as the 'start' parameter to INTCK.    */  week=intck('week',intnx('year',date,0),date)+1; /* If you are in SAS 9.1, you can use the WEEK function.  */  /* The WEEK function has an optional second argument that */  /* can be used to specify whether a week starts on Sunday */  /* or Monday.  For more information, please refer to the  */  /* SAS NLS User's Guide.                                  */  /* U indicates Sunday is the first day of the week */  week_function=week(date,'u'); run;/* create sample data */data one;  input date mmddyy6.;  format date date9.;  cards;011509 021509 030409 ;data two;  set one;  /* advance date to the first day of the month using the INTNX function */  first=intnx('month',date,0);  /* determine the day of the week using the WEEKDAY function */  day=weekday(first);  /* if day=Sunday then advance by 1 */  if day=1 then first+1;  /* if day=Saturday then advance by 2 */  else if day=7 then first+2;  format first date9.;proc print;   title 'First Business Day of the Month';run;/* Sample 1 -- Rolling dates forwards and backwards by month using the SAMEDAY *//*             parameter new in SAS 9.1.  Do NOT 'roll over' to next month if  *//*             the adjusted month has fewer days than the day value of the     *//*             starting month.                                                 */    data _null_;  /* Test with non-leap year */  do date='27MAR2003'd to '01APR2003'd;    lastmonth= intnx('month',date,-1,'sameday');    put (date lastmonth)(=worddate.);  end;  /* Test with leap year */  put;  do date='27MAR2004'd to '01APR2004'd;    lastmonth=intnx('month',date,-1,'sameday');    put (date lastmonth)(=worddate.);  end;  put;  /* Test future dates */  do date='27JAN2004'd to '01FEB2004'd;    nextmonth=intnx('month',date,1,'sameday');    put (date nextmonth)(=worddate.);  end;run;/* Sample 2 -- Rolling dates forwards and backwards by month using the SAMEDAY *//*             parameter new in SAS 9.1 while allowing shifted months with     *//*             fewer days to 'roll over' to the next month.                    *//*                                                                             */  /* The default alignment of the INTNX function is the beginning of the shift   *//* period, the first of the month in this case. If the resulting date is in a  *//* month with less than 31 days, adjust the appropriate number of days into    *//* the next month.                                                             */data _null_; /* Test with non-leap year */  do date='27MAR2003'd to '01APR2003'd;    lastmonth=date - intnx('month',date,0)+intnx('month',date,-1);    put (date lastmonth)(=worddate.);  end;  /* Test with leap year */  put;  do date='27MAR2004'd to '01APR2004'd;    lastmonth=date - intnx('month',date,0)+intnx('month',date,-1);    put (date lastmonth)(=worddate.);  end;  put;  /* Test future dates */  do date='27JAN2004'd to '01FEB2004'd;    nextmonth=date - intnx('month',date,0)+intnx('month',date,1);    put (date nextmonth)(=worddate.);  end;run

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