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几个常用的linux性能监控命令

发表于：2025-12-03 作者：千家信息网编辑

千家信息网最后更新 2025年12月03日，1. sar每两秒刷新一次，总共5次[root@dbhost01 ~]# sar 2 5Linux 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 (dbhost01) 03/30/2018 _x86_

千家信息网最后更新 2025年12月03日几个常用的linux性能监控命令1. sar
每两秒刷新一次，总共5次
[root@dbhost01 ~]# sar 2 5
Linux 2.6.32-504.el6.x86_64 (dbhost01) 03/30/2018 _x86_64_(4 CPU)

02:53:15 PM CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle
02:53:17 PM all 0.66 0.00 1.72 0.66 0.00 96.96
02:53:19 PM all 1.34 0.00 3.35 0.80 0.00 94.51
02:53:21 PM all 0.79 0.00 1.59 1.45 0.00 96.17
02:53:23 PM all 0.40 0.00 2.00 0.80 0.00 96.80
02:53:25 PM all 0.66 0.00 1.85 0.79 0.00 96.70
Average: all 0.77 0.00 2.10 0.90 0.00 96.23

2. top
top -a 按照内存降序

[root@dbhost01 ~]# top -a
top - 15:00:54 up 6:04, 1 user, load average: 0.31, 0.19, 0.11
Tasks: 306 total, 1 running, 305 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie
Cpu(s): 7.8%us, 2.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 88.9%id, 0.8%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.1%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 4048972k total, 3848576k used, 200396k free, 134844k buffers
Swap: 4194300k total, 1788k used, 4192512k free, 1835360k cached

3. vmstat
vmstat用于显示虚拟内存，内核线程，磁盘，系统进程， CPU活动等统计信息。
需要安装sysstat工具。
[root@dbhost01 ~]# vmstat
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
2 0 1788 202508 135064 1835920 0 0 32 26 96 276 1 2 95 1 0
[root@dbhost01 ~]#
[root@dbhost01 ~]# vmstat 2 5
procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- --system-- -----cpu-----
r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa st
0 0 1788 202336 135068 1836000 0 0 32 26 97 276 1 2 95 1 0
0 0 1788 202624 135068 1836000 0 0 25 29 4012 6682 0 1 98 1 0
0 0 1788 202624 135072 1836004 0 0 57 87 4003 6685 0 1 98 1 0
1 0 1788 202508 135072 1836004 0 0 57 33 4402 7353 1 1 98 0 0
0 0 1788 202540 135076 1836004 0 0 33 47 4002 6674 0 1 98 1 0

4. lsof(list open files)
[root@dbhost01 ~]# lsof | grep 1521
certmonge 2348 root 16r FIFO 0,8 0t0 15212 pipe
certmonge 2348 root 18r FIFO 0,8 0t0 15218 pipe
gipcd.bin 2754 grid 109u unix 0xffff880139152180 0t0 36936 socket

5. tcpdump
tcpdump -i eth2

15:24:28.777779 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 393080:393596, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996360 ecr 2443327], length 516
15:24:28.777809 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 393080:393596, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996360 ecr 2443327], length 516
15:24:28.778976 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 393596:393968, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996361 ecr 2443327], length 372
15:24:28.779011 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 393596:393968, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996361 ecr 2443327], length 372
15:24:28.779013 IP 192.168.2.82.50990 > dbhost01.ssh: Flags [.], ack 393968, win 16652, options [nop,nop,TS val 2443327 ecr 22996360], length 0
15:24:28.779481 IP dbhost02-priv.23602 > dbhost01-priv.24271: UDP, length 556
15:24:28.779585 IP dbhost01-priv.24271 > dbhost02-priv.23602: UDP, length 80
15:24:28.779909 IP dbhost01-priv.24271 > dbhost02-priv.23602: UDP, length 80
15:24:28.780584 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 393968:394724, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996362 ecr 2443327], length 756
15:24:28.780590 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 393968:394724, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996362 ecr 2443327], length 756
15:24:28.780820 IP dbhost01-priv.24271 > dbhost02-priv.23602: UDP, length 556
15:24:28.782232 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 394724:395176, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996364 ecr 2443327], length 452
15:24:28.782235 IP dbhost01.ssh > 192.168.2.82.50990: Flags [P.], seq 394724:395176, ack 105, win 148, options [nop,nop,TS val 22996364 ecr 2443327], length 452

6.netstat

[root@dbhost01 ~]# netstat -a | grep oracle
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 31861 /var/tmp/.oracle/ora_gipc_sdbhost01gridmyracdb-clusterCRFM_SIPC
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 33820 /var/tmp/.oracle/sdbhost01DBG_LOGD
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 41177 /var/tmp/.oracle/sdbhost01DBG_EVMD
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 65106 /var/tmp/.oracle/sAevm
unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 65108 /var/tmp/.oracle/sSYSTEM.evm.acceptor.auth

7. htop
需要安装

8. iostat
Total DISK READ: 91.48 K/s | Total DISK WRITE: 45.27 K/s
TID PRIO USER DISK READ DISK WRITE SWAPIN IO> COMMAND
4071 be/4 oracle 30.18 K/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 4.69 % ora_lmon_orcl1
4117 be/4 oracle 60.36 K/s 15.09 K/s 0.00 % 3.69 % ora_ckpt_orcl1
2989 rt/4 grid 965.71 B/s 0.00 B/s 0.00 % 2.13 % ocssd.bin
4099 be/4 oracle 0.00 B/s 30.18 K/s 0.00 % 0.07 % ora_ckpt_test
2987 rt/4 grid 0.00 B/s 482.86 B/s 0.00 % 0.03 % ocssd.bin
2979 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 3.77 K/s 0.00 % 0.00 % ologgerd -M -d /g01/grid/app/11.2.0/grid/crf/db/dbhost01
2980 rt/3 root 0.00 B/s 15.09 K/s 0.00 % 0.00 % ologgerd -M -d /g01/grid/app/11.2.0/grid/crf/db/dbhost01

9. iftop(流量监控工具)

参考： https://www.tecmint.com/command-line-tools-to-monitor-linux-performance/

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